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This is a list of English language words from the Celtic Irish language, (or Irish Gaelic) ;banshee: (from Irish ''bainsídhe/beansídhe'', "female fairy")((M-W )), "woman of the fairies" ((AHD )) or "...of a fairy mound" ((RH )). The Modern Irish word for woman is ''bean'' /bæn/ and ''síd(h)'' (or ''sí'' in modern spelling) is an Irish term referring to a 'fairy mound'. (See Sidhe.) However, in traditional Irish mythology a banshee is seen as an omen of death. ;bog: (from ''bogach'' meaning "marsh/peatland") a wetland (OED). ;boreen: (from ''bóithrín'' meaning "small road") a narrow rural road in Ireland. ;boycott: abstaining from using, buying, or dealing with a person, organization, or country as an expression of protest. (from Captain Charles Boycott, a 19th century British land agent) ;brat: a cloak or overall - now only in regional dialects (from Old Irish '' bratt'' meaning "cloak, cloth" OED) ;brogues: (from ''bróg'' meaning "shoe") a type of shoe (OED). ;brogue: A strong regional accent, especially an Irish or Scots one. Presumably used originally with reference to the footwear of speakers of the brogue (OED). ;clabber, clauber: (from ''clábar'') wet clay or mud; curdled milk. ;clock: O.Ir. ''clocc'' meaning "bell"; into Old High German as ''glocka, klocka''〔''Kluge, F. ''Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache'' (1989) de Gruyter ISBN 3-11-006800-1〕 (whence Modern German ''Glocke'') and back into English via Flemish;〔Hoad, TF (ed) ''The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology'' (1993) Oxford University Press ISBN 0-19-283098-8〕 cf also Welsh ''cloch'' but the giving language is Old Irish via the hand-bells used by early Irish missionaries.〔〔(Online Etymology Dictionary ) by Douglas Harper〕 ;colleen: (from ''cailín'' meaning "young woman") a girl (usually referring to an Irish girl) (OED). ;corrie: a cirque or mountain lake,of glacial origin. (OED) Irish or Scots Gaelic ''coire'' 'Cauldron, hollow' ;craic: fun, used in Ireland for fun/enjoyment. The word is actually English in origin; it entered into Irish from the English "crack" via Ulster Scots. The Gaelicised spelling ''craic'' was then reborrowed into English. The ''craic'' spelling, although preferred by many Irish people, has garnered some criticism as a ''faux''-Irish word.〔; reprinted in 〕 ;cross: The ultimate source of this word is Latin ''crux'', the Roman gibbet which became a symbol of Christianity. Some sources say the English wordform comes from Old Irish ''cros''.〔(Online Etymology Dictionary ) by Douglas Harper〕〔 Other sources say the English comes from Old French ''crois''〔''An Etymological Dictionary of the English Language'' by Walter W. Skeat (1888) (900 pages). (Downloadable at Archive.org ).〕 and others say it comes from Old Norse ''kross''.〔''An Etymological Dictionary of Modern English'' by Ernest Weekley (1921) (850 pages). (Downloadable at Archive.org ).〕 ;drum (ridge), drumlin: (from ''drom/druim'' meaning "ridge") a ridge often separating two long narrow valleys; a long narrow ridge of drift or diluvial formation. ''Drumlin'' is a linguistic diminutive of ''drum'', and it means a small rounded hill of glacial formation, often seen in series (OED). A landscape of many Drumlins occurs in some parts of Ireland (including counties Cavan and Armagh). ''Drumlin'' is an established technical word in geology, but ''drum'' is almost never used. ;drisheen: (from ''drisín'' or ''drúishin''). ;dulse:〔''Collins English Dictionary 21st Century Edition'' Harper Collins (2001) ISBN 0-00-472529-8〕 (from Old Irish ''duilesc''). ;esker: (from ''eiscir'') an elongated mound of post-glacial gravel, usually along a river valley (OED). Esker is a technical word in geology. ;Fenian: (from ''Fianna'' meaning "semi-independent warrior band") a member of a 19th-century Irish nationalist group (OED). ;fiacre: a small four-wheeled carriage for hire, a hackney-coach. Saint Fiacre was a seventh-century Irish-born saint who lived in France for most of his life. The English word ''fiacre'' comes from French. (OED) ;Gallowglass: (from ''gallóglach'') a Scottish Gaelic mercenary soldier in Ireland between mid 13th and late 16th centuries. ;galore: (from ''go leor'' meaning "til plenty") a lot (OED). ;gob: (literally ''beak'') mouth, though used in colloquial Irish more often to refer to a 'beaky' nose, i.e. a sticky-beak. Perhaps from Irish. (OED) ;griskin: (from ''griscín'') a lean cut of meat from the loin of a pig. ;hooligan: (from the Irish family name ''Ó hUallacháin'', anglicised as ''O'Houlihan'') one who takes part in rowdy behaviour and vandalism. ;keening: (from ''caoinim'' ((:ˈkˠiːnʲimʲ)) meaning "I wail") to lament, to wail mournfully (OED). No relation to "keen" = eager. ;kibosh, kybosh: to finish, to put an end to: "That's put the kibosh on it". The OED says the origin is obscure and possibly Yiddish. Other sources,〔(【引用サイトリンク】work=Etymology online )〕 suggest that it may be from the Irish ''an chaip bháis'' meaning "the cap of death" (a reference to the "black cap" worn by a judge passing sentence of capital punishment, or perhaps to the gruesome method of execution called pitchcapping); or else somehow connected with "bosh", from Turkish "boş" (empty). (Caip bháis - pronounced as kibosh - is also a word in Irish for a candle-snuffer.) ;Leprechaun: (from ''leipreachán', based on Old Irish luchorpán, from lu 'small' + corp 'body' (ODE). ;Limerick: (from ''Luimneach'') ;lough: (from ''loch'') a lake, or arm of the sea. According to the OED, the spelling "lough" was originally a separate word with a similar meaning but different pronunciation, perhaps from Old Northumbrian: this word became obsolete, effectively from the 16th century, but in Anglo-Irish its spelling was retained for the word newly borrowed from Irish. ;phoney: (probably from the English ''fawney'' meaning "gilt brass ring used by swindlers", which is from Irish ''fainne'' meaning "ring") fake. ;poteen: (from ''póitín'') hooch, bootleg alcoholic drink (OED) ;shamrock: (from ''seamróg'') a clover, used as a symbol for Ireland (OED). ;Shan Van Vocht: (from ''sean-bhean bhocht'' meaning "poor old woman") a literary name for Ireland in the 18th and 19th centuries. ;shebeen: (from ''síbín'' meaning "a mugful") unlicensed house selling alcohol (OED). ;shillelagh: (from ''sailéala'' meaning "a club") a wooden club or cudgel made from a stout knotty stick with a large knob on the end. ;Sidhe: ((:ʃiː)) the fairy folk of Ireland, from ''(aos) sídhe'' (OED). See banshee. ;sleveen, sleiveen: (from ''slíghbhín/slíbhín'') an untrustworthy or cunning person. Used in Ireland and Newfoundland (OED). ;slew: (from ''sluagh'' meaning "a large number") a great amount (OED). Note: as in ''a slew of new products'', not as in ''slay''. ;slob: (from ''slab'') mud (OED). Note: the English words slobber and slobbery do not come from this; they come from Old English.〔 ;slogan: (from ''sluagh-ghairm'' meaning "a battle-cry used by Gaelic clans") Meaning of a word or phrase used by a specific group is metaphorical and first attested from 1704.〔(Online Etymology Dictionary )〕 ;smithereens: small fragments, atoms. In phrases such as 'to explode into smithereens'. This is the word ''smithers'' (of obscure origin) with the Irish diminutive ending. Whether it derives from the modern Irish ''smidrín'' or is the source of this word is unclear (OED). ;tilly: (from ''tuilleadh'' meaning "a supplement") used to refer to an additional article or amount unpaid for by the purchaser, as a gift from the vendor (OED). Perhaps more prevalent in Newfoundland than Ireland. James Joyce, in his ''Pomes Penyeach'' included a thirteenth poem as a bonus (as the book sold for a shilling, twelve poems would have come to a penny each), which he named "Tilly," for the extra sup of milk given to customers by milkmen in Dublin. ;tory: originally an Irish outlaw, probably from the Irish verb ''tóir'' meaning "pursue" (OED). ;turlough: a seasonal lake in limestone area (OED) Irish ''tur loch'' 'dry lake' ;whiskey: (from ''uisce beatha'' meaning "water of life") (OED). ==See also== * Hiberno-English * List of English words of Scottish Gaelic origin * Lists of English words of Celtic origin * Lists of English words of international origin 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「List of English words of Irish origin」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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